Established by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on December 5, 1944 (Gazette of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, 1944, No. 64).
According to its regulation, it was to be granted to all participants in the defense of the transpolar region - servicemen of the Red Army, Navy, NKVD and civilians - always with the confirmation of their actual participation, through the lists of military divisions, hospitals...etc.
The fighting in the transpolar region began on June 29, 1941 when German and Finnish troops began their offensive in the direction of Murmansk, until the end of July they penetrated 25-30 kilometers into Soviet territory, but their advance was stopped by the Soviet forces defending the front. The Soviet troops, including the Northern Fleet and partisans, withstood the extremely harsh weather conditions in the area until the Soviet counteroffensive that pushed the enemy troops back.
The medal for the defense of the transpolar region was awarded to 325,000 people.